POVERTY IN A RURAL AREA: THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL WORKER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15270/44-1-254Abstract
There are many ways of looking at poverty. When poverty is measured in absolute terms, itrefers to the financial means necessary for people to survive from day to day. The most basicmeasures of poverty in South Africa are the Minimum Living Level (MLL) and the HouseholdSubsistence Level (HSL). They measure the amount of money necessary to provide ahousehold (of six people) with the very basic necessities, including food, clothing, energy,washing, rent and transport to stay alive (Greeff, 2004:7). The Household Effective Level(HEL), which is the HSL plus 50%, makes provision for some important items not covered bythe HSL, namely tax, medical expenses, replacement of household equipment, education,recreation, personal care, pension and burial contributions. In 1999, for South Africa, thatwould have amounted to R800,00 per month (Greeff, 2004:7).Downloads
References
BERNSTEIN, A. & GRAY, M. 1997. Social work: A beginner’s text. Durban: Juta.
BEZUIDENHOUT, F.J. 1998. A reader on selected social issues. Pretoria: Van Schaik
Publishers.
BRADLEY, M.F. 1987. Community health for student nurses. London: Balliere Tindall.
CENTRE FOR SOCIO-LEGAL STUDIES. 2005. Poverty and the environment.
Johannesburg.
COMPTON, B.R. & GALAWAY, B. 1999. Social work processes. New York: Brooks/Cole
Publishing Company.
CRESWELL, J.W. 2003. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods
approaches. London: Sage Publication.
CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 1985. Faith of the city. London: Church House.
DAVIDSON, R. & ERSKINE, A. 1992. Poverty, deprivation and social work. London &
Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
DE JONGH. M. 2002. No fixed abode: the poorest of the poor and elusive identities in rural
South Africa. Journal of South African Studies, 28(2):441-460.
DE LANGE, D. 2006a. Toelae vir armes is nodig, sê Skweyiya. Beeld, 10 November: 3.
DE LANGE, D. 2006b. Welsyn ruk handuit – Phumzile. Rapport, 14 December: 2.
DE VOS, A.S. (ed) 1998. Research at grass roots: a primer for the caring professions.
Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.
DE VOS, A.S., STRYDOM, H., FOUCHE, C.B. & DELPORT, C.S.L. 2005. Research at
grass roots: for the social sciences and human service professions. Pretoria: Van Schaik
Publishers.
DU TOIT, P. 2007. Mense lugtiger om toelaes bedrieglik te kry. Beeld, 17 February: 11.
ENGELBRECHT, E.L. 1997. Maatskaplikewerkhulpverlening aan multiprobleem-gesinne.
Pretoria: University of Pretoria. (Dissertation – MA)
FRASER-MOLEKETI, G. 1997. Poverty and government. Available: http://general.
rau.ac.za/aambeeld/november 1997/povertyandgov.htm. [Rev. 5 May 2005].
FOUCHÉ, C.B. & DE VOS, A.S. 2005. Quantitative research designs. In: DE VOS, A.S.,
STRYDOM, H., FOUCHÉ, C.B. & DELPORT, C.S.L. Research at grass roots: for the social
science and human service professions. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.
GATHIRAM, N. 2005. Poverty alleviation: the need for a knowledgeable, active and
empowered civil society. Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 41(2):123-129.
GERBER, A. 2005. Kwart van NW ontvang pensioene. North-West Gazette, 19 April: 4.
GIBSON-CLINE, J. 2000. Youth and coping in twelve nations: surveys of 18-20 years old
young people. New York: Routledge.
GREEFF, J. 2004. Introduction to Sociology: poverty and development. Cape Town:
Oxford University Press.
GRASSO, A. & EPSTEIN, I. 1992. Research utilization in the social services. New York:
The Harworth Press.
GRINNELL, R.M. 2001. Social work research and evaluation: Qualitative and
quantitative approaches. Itasca: F.E. Peacock Publishers.
GRINNELL, R.M. & WILLIAMS, M. 1990. Research in social work: A primer. Itasca: F.E.
Peacock Publishers.
HANNAH, G. 2006. Maintaining product-process balance in community antipoverty
initiatives. Social Work, 51(1):9-16.
HERMAN, D. 2006. Half of SA live in poverty. Pretoria News, 13 June: 4.
HOFFMAN, K.S. & SALLEE, A.L. 1994. Social work practice: Bridges to change. Toronto:
Allyn & Bacon.
JANSE VAN VUUREN, A. 2007. Die klein outjies raak agter in SA. Beeld, 9 February: 5.
KNIGHT, R. 2004. A decade of democracy: Economic Policy and Development in South
Africa. Available: http://richardknight.homestead.com/files/sieconomicpolicy2004.htm [Rev.
/1/2005].
LE BRUYNS, C. & PAUW, C. 2004. Looking in two ways: Poverty in South Africa and its
ecclesiological implications. Dutch Reformed Theological Journal, 45(2):202-213.
MALAN, M. 2006. 81% oorsese Suid Afrikaners. Rapport, 1 January:3.
MAY, J. 1998. Poverty and inequality in South Africa. Indicator South Africa, 15(2):53-58.
MITCHELL, W.A. 1981. Poverty and social work. Grahamstown: Rhodes University.
MOSTERT, W.P. & LOTTER, J.M. 1990. South Africa’s demographic future. Pretoria:
Human Science Research Council.
NETSHITENZHE, J. 2007. Miljoene meer ontvang toelaes. Rapport, 24 June:3.
NEUMAN, W.L. 2003. Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
NKUNA, S.J. 2001. Guidelines for social workers rendering services concerning child
abuse. Pretoria: University of Pretoria (Thesis – PhD.).
PELSER, W. 2006. SA se gehalte van lewe neig glo agtertoe. Beeld, 10 November:2.
POTGIETER, M.C. 1998. The social work process: Development to empower people. South
Africa: Prentice Hall (Pty) LTD.
RAPHERN, N. 2005. Magazine of diocese of highveld; poverty – South African greatest
challenges. Johannesburg.
ROODT, J. 2005. Self-Employment and the required skills. Management Dynamics,
(1):18-19.
ROSSOUW, L. 1999. Social work family focused intervention for juvenile re-offenders.
Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch. (MA Thesis)
ROUX, A.A. 2002. Evaluering van ’n groepwerk-hulpverleningsprogram met MIVpositief/
VIGS-pasiënte. Potchefstroom: PU vir CHO. (PhD Thesis)
SAS INSTITUTE. 2005. The SAS System for Windows Release 9.1 TS Level 1 MO. Cary,
NC, USA: SAS Institute.
SCHENCK, C.J. 2004. Problems rural social workers experience. Social Work/Maatskaplike
Werk, 40(2):158-171.
SCHOEMAN, J.H. 1979. Die taak van gemeenskapswerk in ’n swart stedelike gebied. Pretoria:
UP. (DPhil Thesis)
SEHULARO, K. 2006. Business steps up skills. North West Independent, 15 February, 3.
SIMPSON, B. 2003. What do residents of informal settlements think social workers should do:
voices from Bhambayi. SocialWork/Maatskaplike Werk, 39(2):149-160.
SINGLETON, R., STRAITS, B.C., STRAITS, M.M. & McALLISTER, R.J. 1988.
Approaches to social research. New York: Oxford University Press.
SOUTH AFRICA. 1997. White Paper for Social Welfare. Department of Welfare. Pretoria:
Government Printers.
SOUTH AFRICAN COMMUNICATION SERVICE. 1996. S.A. Yearbook. Pretoria:
Government Printer.
SOUTH AFRICAN COUNCIL FOR SOCIAL WORK. 1997. Social auxiliary work. Pretoria:
Government Printer.
SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR RACE RELATIONS. 1994. Race Relation Survey
/94. Johannesburg: SAIRR.
SPIES, M. 2007. The biopsychosocial factors influencing HIV/AIDS patient adherence to
antiretroviral therapy (ART): A social work study. Pretoria: UP. (DPhil Thesis)
STRYDOM, C. 2002. Evaluation of an HIV/AIDS programme for students at a tertiary
institution with emphasis on peer group involvement. Potchefstroom: PU for CHE (PhD
Thesis)
STRYDOM, H. 1998. Ethical aspects of research in the caring professions. In: DE VOS, A.S.
(ed) Research at grass roots: A primer for the caring professions. Pretoria: Van Schaik
Publishers.
STRYDOM, H. & DE VOS, A.S. 1998. Sampling and sampling methods. In: DE VOS, A.S.
(ed) Research at grass roots: A primer for the caring professions. Pretoria: Van Schaik
Publishers.
TEMPELHOFF, E. 2006. Miljarde het nie toegang tot sanitasie. Beeld, 22 March: 5.
THOMLISON, B. 2002. Family assessment handbook. New York: Brooks/Cole.
TOWNSEND, P. 1979. Poverty in the United Kingdom: a survey of household resources
and standards of living. London: Penguin.
VAN EEDEN, J. 2003. Een uit ses nie getel vir sensus. Rapport, 13 July: 15.
VAN TONDER, J. 2003. Gaping tussen ryk en arm rek en rek. Rapport, 28 December: 19.
WHITEFORD, A., POSEL, D. & KELATWANG, T. 1995. A profile of poverty, inequality
and human development. Pretoria: Human Science Research Council.
WHITE PAPER FOR SOCIAL WELFARE, 1997. See South Africa.
WYNGAARD, H. 2007. Ontleding van president se staatsrede in syfers. Beeld, 11 February: 5.
ZASTROW, C. 2004. Introduction to social work and social welfare. New York: Thomson.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged when works are cited.
Authors may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, and with conferences.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-4.0
This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation.
Articles as a whole may not be re-published with another journal.
