CHALLENGES THAT THE REFERRAL SYSTEM POSES TO CARE GIVING AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE KANYE COMMUNITY HOMEBASED CARE (CHBC) PROGRAMME IN BOTSWANA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15270/44-4-228Abstract
While a caregiver is generally a person who volunteers to take care or help in caring for sickpersons generally at home, whether family members, relatives or other community members,
the study distinguishes between the primary caregiver who usually stays with the clients at all
times, and the community caregiver (so referred to as a volunteer in the Botswana context) who
is a government-recruited community volunteer and moves from house to house to help the
primary caregivers execute their caring roles.
The four concepts: sick person, client, patient and HIV/AIDS client/s are used interchangeably
Downloads
References
ABBAT, F.R. & MEIJA, A. 1988. Continuing the education of health workers. Geneva:
World Health Organisation.
ATTA, J.K. & FIDZANI, N.H. 1996. Baseline study for Community Home Based Care
Programme for Terminally ill HIV/AIDS patients in Botswana. NACP 31. AIDS STD unit,
Gaborone, Botswana.
BENNET, L., ROSS, M. & KELAHER, M. 1993. The impact of working with HIV/AIDS on
health care professional: dimension and measurement. In: VANDIS, H. & VAN DONGEN, E.
(eds) Burnout in HIV/AIDS health care and support. Amsterdam University Press: 11-12.
BOTSWANA DAILY NEWS, 15th August 2002.
BOTSWANA MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS STATUS REPORT. 2004.
CRESWELL, J.W. 1994. Research design. Qualitative & quantitative approaches.
Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, Inc.
CSO. 2001. Central Statistics Office. Gaborone.
DANT, T. & GULLY, V. 1994. Coordinating care at home. London: Collins.
DMSAC REPORT. 2005. District Multi-Sectoral AIDS Committee Report presented at
Kanye Rural Administration Centre (RAC) Council Chambers. November.
ERIKSON, E.H. 1959. Identity and the life cycle. Psychological Issues, 1:1-171.
FAKO, T.T. & LINN, G.J. 2003. Reflections on psychological, social and economic
implications of HIV and AIDS in Botswana. Journal of Management Studies, 18(2).
FINCH, J. 1984. Community care: developing non-sexist alternatives. Critical Social Policy,
:6-18.
JACKSON, H. 2002. AIDS AFRICA. Continent in crises. Safaids, Avondale, Harare,
Zimbabwe.
JACQUES, G. & STEGLING, C. 2001. Panacea or perfidy? Paper presented at the 3rd
International Conference on Social Work in Health and Mental Health, July 1-5, 2001,
Tampere, Finland.
KADZAKUMANJA, O. 2001. Improving the quality of community care in Lilongwe,
Malawi. Published Abstract no 103 on 1st Regional CHBC Conference, March 2001 held at
Boipuso Hall.
KALANKE, K. 2004. Influence of stigma and discrimination on coping strategies of people
living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana. A case of COCEPWA and BOCAIP. Gaborone:
University of Botswana. (Unpublished MA Degree in Development Studies)
KANG’ETHE, S.M. 2004. Issues and challenges of community home based care in Africa.
Unpublished Masters of Social Work research essay. Gaborone: University of Botswana.
KANG’ETHE, S.M. 2006. Contribution of caregivers in community home based care
programmes: the case of Kanye, Botswana. Mafikeng Campus: University of North West.
(Unpublished PhD Dissertation in Social work)
KELESETSE, N.M. 1998. AIDS, home based care & the status of women in Botswana. A
case study of Mogoditshane. University of Botswana, faculty of Sociology, Gaborone:
University of Botswana, Faculty of Sociology. (BA Thesis)
KHAN, B. & STEGLING, C. 2000. An evaluation of the Kweneng district AIDS Home
Based Care Programme. Gaborone: SNV, Netherlands Development Organisation.
McDONNEL, S., BRENNAN, M., BURNHAM, G. & TARANTOLA, D. 1994. Assessing and
planning home based care for persons with AIDS. Health Policy and Planning, 9(4):429-437.
MERRIAM, S.B. 1988. Case study research in education: A qualitative approach. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
MLHA. 1999. National Gender Programme. Women’s Affairs Department. Gaborone:
Government Printer.
MOH/NACP 41. 1998. Evaluation of the CHBC pilot project in Molepolole & Tutume Sub
District. NACP 41 Gaborone, February 1998.
MOH. 1991. Patient referral. Health Management System. Gaborone: Government Printers.
MOJAPELO, D., DITIRAFALO, T., TAU, M. & DOEHLIE, E.2001. Client satisfaction and
providers perspectives of Home Based care in Kweneng District, Botswana, Gaborone.
(Unpublished Report)
NACA. 2002. Botswana 2002 Second Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance. A Technical
Report, November 2002.
NACA. 2005. Botswana Second Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance. Technical Report.
NACP 30. 1996. Community home based care for people living with AIDS in Botswana.
AIDS STD Unit, Gaborone.
NACP 13. 1993. Botswana guidelines for district, referral, and primary hospitals. Clinical
management of HIV infection in adults. AIDS STD Unit. World Health Organisation.
NACP 31. 1996. Baseline study for the community home based care programmes for
terminally ill HIV/AIDS patients in Botswana. Gaborone, Botswana.
NACP 38. 1997. M.T.P.11, Botswana HIV and AIDS. Second medium term plan.
NEUMAN, W.L. 1997. Social research methods. Qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Boston, London, Toronto, Sydney, Tokyo, Singapore: Allyn and Bacon.
NOWLEN, P.M. 1988. A new approach to continuing education for business and the
professions. New York: American Council on Education & MacMillan Publishing Company.
NTOZI, J. & NAKAYIWA, S.1999. AIDS in Uganda: how has the household coped with the
epidemic? In: ORUBULOYE, I.O., CALDWELL, J.C. & NTOZI, J. (eds). The continuing
HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa: response and coping strategies. Health Transition Centre,
Australian National University, Canberra: 155-180.
NURSES ASSOCIATION OF BOTSWANA. 2004. Caring for the caregivers. Gaborone,
Kgotla Designs Pty Ltd.
PETIT, P. 1994. Closing the performance gap. Health Action, (8):4.
PHORANO, O.M., NTHOMANG, K. & NGWENYA, B.N. 2005. HIV/AIDS home based care
and waste disposal in Botswana Society. Botswana notes and records. The Botswana Society.
TIRISANYO CATHOLIC COMMISSION. 1993. Home based care. Unpublished abstract.
SIMS, R. & MOSS, V. 1991. Terminal care for people with AIDS. London, Melbourne,
Auckland: Arnold Publishers.
UNAIDS. 2000a. Collaboration with traditional healers in HIV/AIDS prevention and care
in Sub-Saharan Africa. A literature review, Geneva, Switzerland.
UNAIDS. 2000b. HIV and AIDS-related stigmatisation, discrimination and denial: forms,
contexts and determinants. UNAIDS Best practice Collection (UNAIDSA/00.16E).
UNAIDS. 2001a. Parents providing care to adult sons and daughters with HIV/AIDS in
Thailand. UNAIDS Case Study, November.
UNAIDS. 2001b. Promoting excellence in training. The Regional Training Network
(RATN). UNAIDS case study. UNAIDS Best Practice Collection. June.
UNDP. 1995. Human Development Report.
VISION 2016. 1997. Towards prosperity for all. Presidential task group for a long term
vision for Botswana, September.
WALKER, A. 1982. The meaning and social division of community care. In: WALKER, A.
(ed) Community care: the family, the state and social policy. Oxford: Martin Robertson: 13-
WHO. 2002. Community home-based care in resource – limited settings. A framework for
Action. 20 Avenue Appia, 1221 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
WILKINSON, J.D. & CAMPBELL, E.A. 1997. Psychology in counselling & therapeutic
practice. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged when works are cited.
Authors may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, and with conferences.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-4.0
This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation.
Articles as a whole may not be re-published with another journal.
