PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF STILLBIRTH FOR THE MOTHER AND HER FAMILY: A CRISIS-SUPPORT APPROACH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15270/50-4-392Keywords:
stillbirth, psychosocial, coping, loss, narrative, relationship, social work, grief, grieving process, crisis, intervention, familyAbstract
In this article mothers’ emotions after experiencing a stillbirth are discussed. A study combining quantitative and qualitative research provided the foundation for a better understanding of the psychosocial implications of stillbirth for a mother and her family. The crisis-intervention approach was used to assist a control group of 25 mothers and was also evaluated during the study to establish the effectiveness thereof. Findings indicated that those mothers receiving the intervention used different coping mechanisms to deal with the severity of their loss. Narratives further show that relationship problems occurred following the loss. Receiving crisis intervention from a social worker during this period of grief, helped to facilitate the grieving process.
Downloads
References
BORDOW, S. & PORRITT, D. 1979. An experimental evaluation of crisis intervention. Social Science & Medicine, 13A:251-256.
BORG, S. & LASKER, J. 1981. When pregnancy fails: families coping with miscarriage, stillbirth and infant death. Boston: Beacon Press Books.
BREWIN, C.R. 2001. Cognitive and emotional reactions to traumatic events: implications for short-term interventions. Advances in Mind-Body Medicine, 17:160-196.
BRIER, N. 2008. Grief following miscarriage: a comprehensive review of the literature. Journal of Women’s Health, 17(3):451-464.
BRONFENBRENNER, U. 1995. Developmental ecology through space and time: a future perspective. In: MOEN, P., ELDER, G.H. (Jr) & LUSCHER, K. (eds), Examining lives in context: Perspectives on the ecology of human development. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 619-647.
BROWNLEE, K. & OIKONEN, J. 2004. Toward a theoretical framework for perinatal bereavement. British Journal of Social Work, 34(4):517-529.
CACCIATORE, J. 2009. The silent birth: a feminist perspective. Social Work, 54(1):91- 95.
CACCIATORE, J. 2010. Stillbirth: patient-centred psychosocial care. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology, 53(3):691-699.
CALLISTER, L.C. 2006. Perinatal loss: a family perspective. Journal of Perinatal Neonatal Nursing, 20(3):227-234.
CAPITULO, K.L. 2005. Evidence for healing interventions with perinatal bereavement. American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing, 30(6):389-396.
CAPLAN, G. 1961. An approach to community mental health. New York: Grune & Stratton.
CHAN, M.F., LOU, F.L., ARTHUR, D.G., CAO, F.L., WU, L.H., LI, P. & LUI, L. 2008. Investigating factors associate to nurses’ attitudes towards perinatal bereavement care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(4):509-518.
DE MONTIGNY, F., BEAUDET, L. & DUMAS, L. 1999. A baby has died: the impact of perinatal loss on family social networks. Journal of Obstetric Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 28(2):151-156.
DE VOS, A.S., STRYDOM, H., FOUCHÉ, C.B. & DELPORT, C.S.L. 2005. Research at grass roots. For the social sciences and human service professions. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.
GILLILAND, B.E. & JAMES, R.K. 1993. Crisis intervention strategies. California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
HUGHES, P. & RICHES, S. 2003. Psychological aspects of perinatal loss. Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 15(2):107-111.
HUMAN, M. 2013. Psychosocial implications of a stillbirth for the mother and her family: a crisis-intervention approach. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University. (Master’s Thesis)
HUTTI, M.H. 2005. Social and professional support needs of families after perinatal loss. Journal of Obstetric Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 34(5):630-638.
KELLNER, K.R., BEST, E.K., CHESBOROUGH, S., DONNELLY, W. & GREEN, M. 1981. Perinatal mortality counseling program for families who experience a stillbirth. Death Studies, 5(1):29-35.
KIRK, P.E. 1984. Psychological effects and management of perinatal loss. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 149(1):46-51.
KIRKLEY-BEST, E. & KELLNER, K.R. 1982. The forgotten grief: a review of the psychology of stillbirth. American Journal of Orthopsychiatrics, 52(3):420-428.
MAHAN, C.K. & CALICA, J. 1997. Perinatal loss: considerations in social work practice. Social Work in Health Care, 24(3/4):141-152.
McCOYD, J.L.M. 2010. A bio-psycho-social assessment of maternal attachment in pregnancy and fetal loss. Revista De Asistenta Sociala, IX(2):131-147.
MODIBA, L. & NOLTE, A.G.W. 2007. The experiences of mothers who lost a baby during pregnancy. Health SA Gesondheid, 12(2):3-13.
MOUTON, J. 2001. How to succeed in your master’s & doctoral studies: a South African guide and resource book. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers.
MYER, R.A. & MOORE, H.B. 2006. Crisis in context theory: an ecological model. Journal of Counseling & Development, 84(2):139-147.
SHEAFOR, B.W., HOREJSI, C.R. & HOREJSI, G.A. 1994. Techniques and guidelines for social work practice. United States of America: Allyn and Bacon.
STRINGHAM, J.G., RILEY, J.H. & ROSS, A. 1982. Silent birth: mourning a stillborn baby. Social Work, 27(4):322-327.
TERMINOLOGY COMMITEE FOR SOCIAL WORK. 1995. New dictionary of social work. Cape Town: CTP Book Printers.
WALLERSTEDT, R.N.C. & HIGGINS, P. 1996. Facilitating perinatal grieving between the mother and the father. Journal of Obstetric Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing, 25(5):389-394.
WEITEN, W. 1995. Psychology: themes & variations. United States of America: Brooks/Cole Publishing.
WOODS, D.L., PATTINSON, R.C. & GREENFIELD, D.H. (eds). 2010. Saving Mothers and Babies Manual - Perinatal Education Programme. [Online] Available: http://www.motherchildhealth.org/pdf/healthcare/saving-mothers-and-babies.pdf [Accessed: 12/05/2014].
WRETMARK, A.A. 1993. Perinatal death as a pastoral problem. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged when works are cited.
Authors may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, and with conferences.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-4.0
This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation.
Articles as a whole may not be re-published with another journal.